International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

Before the establishment of these cooperatives, village life was marked by widespread poverty, limited job opportunities, weak infrastructure, and many people leaving their homes in search of work. The arrival of the sugar factories changed this reality significantly. Farmers gained access to easy loans, farming advice, reliable irrigation, and a guaranteed market for their sugarcane. As a result, crop yields and household incomes improved, and farmers could grow more crops throughout the year.

Beyond farming, the factories also invested in the social fabric of village life by building schools, clinics, roads, and providing support to women’s self-help groups and youth activities. These contributions have led to better health, increased literacy, and stronger community bonds. From an economic standpoint, these cooperative sugar mills have become major employers, creating both direct jobs in the factories and indirect jobs in supporting businesses like transport and services. This has reduced the need for villagers to migrate to cities for work. The growth of these cooperatives has also encouraged self-employment and the rise of small local businesses, securing economic stability for many families.

Overall, this study highlights that cooperative sugar factories have played a crucial role in transforming rural communities in Western Maharashtra lifting people out of poverty, improving day-to-day living, and laying the groundwork for sustainable development.