International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

author(s)
Suryprakash Sahu, Dr. Hulash Pathak, Dr. AK Gauraha, Dr. Siya Ram and Dr. Bhawana Patel

abstract
The present study was conducted with a view to An Economic Analysis of Production and Marketing of Major Crops in Rajnandgaon District of Chhattisgarh state. 150 farmers were selected randomly on the basis of total number of farmers in district with categories by different farm category from the 3 villages. The main aim of study was to examine the trend for area, production and productivity, cost and return, marketing pattern and constraints in trading of major crops. The average size of holding was 2.41 hectares which varied from 0.90 hectare on marginal farms to 8.79 hectares on large farms. The average size of holding increases as the farm size increases. Soybean was the major crops grown in the study area. The average cropping intensity is calculated 187.54 percent at sample households. The compound growth rate of this crop in case of area is estimated as 5.66 percent and -1.06 percent in the Rajnandgaon district and Chhattisgarh state respectively. Growth rate of production was estimated -2.92 percent and -10.15 percent in the Rajnandgaon district and Chhattisgarh State respectively and in case of productivity of soybean was estimated -8.12 and -9.17 percent in the Rajnandgaon district and Chhattisgarh state respectively of total period of 10 years. An overall Cost of soybean cultivation per hectare was calculated at Rs 27869.86 it’s varied from Rs.23504.43, Rs. 29911.88, Rs. 27757.08 and Rs. 25327.44 for marginal farms, small farms, medium farms and large farms. On an overall yield of Soybean were observed 14.03 quintals its varied from 14.25 quintals, 14.67 quintals, 13.60 and 13.86 quintals per hectare from marginal, Small, medium and Large farm respectively. On an average Benefit - cost ratio in Soybean came to 1:1.09 its varied from 1:1.52, 1:1.04, 1:1.02 and 1:1.26 at Marginal, small, medium and large farm respectively on the sample farms. The average marketable surplus of soybean from the total quantity produced was observed to be 10.88 qtl (86.42 percent) its varied from 4.44 qtl (81.62 percent), 8.16 qtl (85.00 percent), 14.97 qtl (87.34 percent) and 41.4 qtl (89.17 percent) marginal, small, medium and large farms respectively by sample households. Two marketing channels for soybean crops of marketing were preferred by sample households as Channel I: Producers-Village traders - Wholesalers -Processor-Retailer-Consumer and Channel II: Producer - Wholesaler - Processor - Retailer - Consumer. Overall Large number of farmers sold their farm produce through wholesaler 74.00(60.63 percent) farmers then 48.05 (39.35 percent) farmers through village traders. Major constraints pertaining to trading given Rank 1^st by farmers is lack of implementation of MSP then 2^nd rank is low price of products major problems faced by the Soybean Producers.