International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

author(s)
Navjot Kaur Sachdeva, Shalini Sharma and Lavjit Kaur

abstract
Migration refers to the movement of individuals or groups from their place of origin to another country, voluntarily or non-voluntarily and settle there permanently or for some period of time for different reasons. The present study was based on secondary data from the various research papers and existing literature including data, case-studies and statistics. Study revealed the most important push factors of migration were growing unemployment, agricultural distress and the declining income of agriculture, peer pressure, gender inequality, the dowry system, social issues like the drug menace, etc. The primary pull factors of migration include the desire to earn more, have a better life, a free society, acquire higher education etc. The report emphasis the SMs impact on Punjab and its effects on left behind families and how brain-drain impacts the society and culture of Punjab. The literature review highlights the research gaps, reasons, impacts and make recommendations for future studies on Punjabi diaspora and student migration.