International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

author(s)
Atin Thakur, Samarth Tewari and Manisha Phaugat

abstract
The global peer-reviewed data on the impact of biochar on wheat yield from 2000 to 2024 is summarized in this review. The combined results of meta-analyses and field research indicate an average yield increase of 10-15%, with the greatest benefits occurring in soils that are coarse-textured or fertile and under stress circumstances (such as salt or drought) when 5-15 t ha?¹ of biochar is added. Feedstock (crop residue or animal waste outperforms woody sources), moderate pyrolysis temperatures (400-550 °C), fertilizer co-application, and critical enhancements in soil physical, chemical, and biological factors all significantly influence yield benefits. After three years, long-term efficacy declines, and standardization, environmental hazards, and cost-benefit ratios need to be carefully considered. Agronomic recommendations, research needs, and the potential of biochar for sustainable wheat production in the face of climate change challenges are highlighted in the paper's conclusion.