International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

author(s)
Prashant Gupta, Yogesh Kumar, Ram Bharose, Monika Tevatia and SP Singh

abstract
The increasing demand for sustainable agricultural practices has necessitated novel approaches for nutrient management, especially in major crops such as rice (Oryza sativa L.). This study studies the potential of integrating nano-fertilizers with conventional fertilizers to optimize nutrient use efficiency and enhance soil health attributes in rice cultivation. 13 treatments and three replicates in a randomized block design. The treatments included nano zinc spray, various combinations of inorganic fertilizers with bio-stimulant spray. The findings revealed significant variations in growth parameters (plant height, number of tillers, number of effective tillers, dry matter accumulation(g)) and yield characteristics among different treatments. The treatment containing 75% NPK + NPK consortia + NPK spray + Bio-stimulant spray + Nano zinc spray (T₁₃) consistently recorded significant improvement in the nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc) content in rice grains as well as grain and straw yield. Additionally, T₁₃ displayed the highest soil organic carbon and nutrient content, indicating increased residual soil fertility. Economically, the T₁₃ treatment achieved the most favourable benefit-cost ratio as well as the highest gross and net returns, demonstrating its economic advantage over the standard 100% NPK treatment. Post transplantation use of inorganic fertilizers, consortia, bio-stimulant sprays and zinc sprays have emerged as the most effective and sustainable strategies for nutrient management in rice cultivation. This integrated approach not only optimizes fertilizer