International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

author(s)
Dr. Arpita Sharma Kandpal and Dr. Jitendra Kwatra

abstract
Mushroom cultivation has emerged as a promising livelihood opportunity, particularly in rural areas, due to its low investment, high returns, and potential for nutritional and economic benefits. This study evaluates the training needs, constraints, and impact of vocational training programs on mushroom cultivation in the selected areas of Khateema, Gadarpur, and Sitarganj in Uttarakhand. A total of 100 respondents were purposively selected, and primary data were collected through structured questionnaires, personal interviews, and focused group discussions (FGDs). The findings revealed that a significant percentage of participants joined the training to gain scientific knowledge, adopt mushroom production as an enterprise, and utilize locally available resources for secondary income generation. The study identified key training areas such as spawn preparation, substrate management, pest and disease control, water management, and financial assistance opportunities. Constraints faced by the respondents included lack of access to quality spawn, inadequate financial support, market linkages, and technical know-how. The impact assessment indicated substantial improvement in the participants' knowledge and skills in identifying edible mushrooms, utilizing bi-products for composting, managing pest and disease outbreaks, and value addition through dried mushroom products. The study highlights the need for continuous skill enhancement, financial assistance, and market linkages to ensure the sustainability and scalability of mushroom cultivation as a viable agri-business.