International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

author(s)
Bhosale GB, Kadam RP, Jakkawad SR and Deshmukh JM

abstract
Scaling is the process of systematically assigning numerical values to varying degrees of attitudes, opinions, or other measurable concepts to facilitate comparison and analysis. This study aimed to construct a reliable and valid scale to measure the climate resilience management level of farmers. The scale was developed using the standard methodology suggested by Likert (1932), following a step-by-step procedure for scale construction and standardization. The key steps included the identification and selection of statements, collection and editing of items, selection of judges, relevancy testing, item analysis, and testing of reliability and validity. Initially, 44 statements were selected and sent to 150 experts for evaluation of their relevancy via email, Google Forms, and personal distribution. Based on responses from 92 experts received within the stipulated time, a total of 41 statements were shortlisted for item analysis. Statements with a relevancy weightage of ≥ 0.75 were considered for the item analysis, including the calculation of the "t" value. After analyzing the "t" values of all 41 statements, 36 statements with a "t" value of ≥ 1.75 were selected for reliability testing. The reliability of the scale was assessed using the test-retest method, yielding a reliability coefficient of 0.84. The validity of the scale was confirmed through content validity analysis. The final scale consists of 36 reliable and valid statements for measuring the climate resilience management level of farmers. It is structured on a three-point continuum: "Strongly Agree," "Partially Agree," and "Strongly Disagree." Positive statements were assigned weights of 3, 2, and 1, respectively, while the scoring was reversed for negative statements. This standardized scale provides a robust tool for assessing farmers’ resilience management levels, facilitating targeted interventions and policy formulation.