International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

author(s)
Sumesh Sharma, Pratima Rana, Samriti and Subhash Sharma

abstract
The study explores the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in enhancing agricultural extension services in India. Agriculture remains the backbone of India’s rural economy, and effective extension services are essential for improving farmers' productivity, skills, and knowledge. The paper traces the evolution of agricultural extension, starting from the Green Revolution and the establishment of institutions like ICAR, and examines the pivotal role of ICTs in modernizing farming practices. It highlights various ICT tools, such as smartphones, computers, radios, and the internet, which facilitate the exchange of agricultural information and innovations. The paper also discusses several government and private sector initiatives, including the Digital Agriculture Mission and Kisan Call Centres, which aim to empower farmers with real-time data and expert advice. Despite the progress, challenges such as limited digital literacy, infrastructure gaps, and content localization issues remain significant barriers. The paper further explores the future potential of emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Drones in revolutionizing agricultural practices. It emphasizes the need for improved digital literacy, infrastructure development, and better integration of ICTs to ensure equitable access to agricultural knowledge, ultimately contributing to the sustainable development of India's agriculture sector.