International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

author(s)
G Anand, P Kalaiselvi, S Paul Sebastian, M Senthil Kumar, G Amuthaselvi, G Porkodi, K Suganya and G Malathi

abstract
Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) have emerged as a powerful means to empower small and marginal farmers in India, enhancing their bargaining power and improving their livelihoods. This article delves into the evolution, growth and impact of FPOs on agricultural development, exploring their historical context, challenges and opportunities. It traces the development of FPOs from their inception, highlighting key milestones, government initiatives and institutional support that have shaped their trajectory. The article also addresses the role of FPOs in addressing market access, input supply, value addition and collective bargaining for farmers. The evolution of FPOs is contextualized within the broader dynamics of agrarian reform, cooperative movements and rural development policies. The paper concludes with an assessment of the future of FPOs, the challenges they face and recommendations for strengthening these organizations in the changing agricultural landscape.