International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

author(s)
Raghavendra Chourad, Ravindra Jamadar and DK Hadimani

abstract
Climate change is increasingly recognized as a critical challenge to agricultural productivity, with far-reaching economic implications across the globe. This article delves into the economic impacts of climate change on agriculture, emphasizing the multifaceted effects of temperature fluctuations, altered precipitation patterns, extreme weather events, and shifts in growing seasons. These climatic changes disrupt crop yields, affect livestock health, and challenge the stability of the broader agricultural economy. For instance, rising temperatures can accelerate crop maturation, leading to reduced yields, while erratic rainfall patterns and extreme weather events such as floods and droughts can devastate crops and livestock, resulting in significant economic losses. The economic consequences of these impacts are particularly severe for smallholder farmers, who often lack the resources to adapt to changing conditions, making them more vulnerable to income loss and food insecurity. Moreover, climate-induced changes in agricultural productivity can disrupt global food supply chains, leading to increased food prices and trade imbalances. This article also examines potential adaptation strategies, including the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices, investment in research and development for resilient crop varieties, and the implementation of financial support systems like insurance and credit access for farmers. Additionally, the role of policy and institutional support in facilitating these adaptations is discussed, highlighting the need for coordinated efforts at local, national, and international levels. By addressing these challenges, the agricultural sector can enhance its resilience to climate change, safeguarding food security and economic stability.