International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development

author(s)
Debendra Nath Dash, Kandimuthu and K Venkatesan

abstract
This study investigates the water supply, treatment practices, and usage patterns in the Gram Panchayats (GPs), focusing on the role of local governance in managing water resources and the impact of national initiatives such as the Jal Shakti Abhiyan (JSA) in rural areas. The research examines the frequency, duration, and quality of water supply, the modes of payment for water services, and the methods used for water treatment before consumption. Additionally, it explores the main purposes for which water is used, including drinking, cooking, washing, and agriculture. A total of 1300 respondents from various socio-economic backgrounds participated in the study, providing data on key variables such as age, marital status, religion, education, occupation, family type, monthly income, and water-related practices. The findings reveal that a majority of respondents are aware of the JSA, with a significant proportion reporting regular water supply and access to potable water. Despite this, many households still rely on traditional water treatment methods, indicating a need for improved water infrastructure and health-related initiatives. Water is predominantly used for domestic purposes, with cooking being the primary use, followed by washing and drinking. The study highlights regional disparities in water supply frequency and duration, with some households experiencing irregular or inconsistent access. It concludes that while the JSA has raised awareness and improved water access, further attention is needed to enhance water treatment systems, ensure reliable water supply, and address the agricultural water needs of rural communities. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, aiming to improve water governance and promote sustainable water management in rural India.